What is the integral of sec(pix) ?

The integral of sec(pix) is 1/pi ln|tan(pix)+sec(pix)|+C

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integral of sec(pix)

\int sec (π x) d x

\frac{1}{π} ln ∣ tan (π x) + sec (π x) ∣ + C

Solution steps

\int sec (π x) d x

Apply u-substitution

= \int sec (u) \frac{1}{π} d u

Take the constant out:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= \frac{1}{π} \cdot \int sec (u) d u

Use the common integral:

\int sec (u) d u = ln ∣ tan (u) + sec (u) ∣

= \frac{1}{π} ln ∣ tan (u) + sec (u) ∣

Substitute back

u = π x

= \frac{1}{π} ln ∣ tan (π x) + sec (π x) ∣

Add a constant to the solution

= \frac{1}{π} ln ∣ tan (π x) + sec (π x) ∣ + C

What is the integral of sec(pix) ?
The integral of sec(pix) is 1/pi ln|tan(pix)+sec(pix)|+C