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受欢迎的微积分 >

integral of 1/((x^2-a^2))

解答

\int \frac{1}{( x ^{2} - a ^{2} )} d x

解答

- \frac{1}{2 a} (ln \frac{x}{a} + 1 - ln \frac{x}{a} - 1) + C

求解步骤

\int \frac{1}{x ^{2} - a ^{2}} d x

使用换元积分法

= \int \frac{1}{a ( u ^{2} - 1 )} d u

提出常数:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= \frac{1}{a} \cdot \int \frac{1}{u ^{2} - 1} d u

因式分解

u^{2} - 1 : - (- u^{2} + 1)

= \frac{1}{a} \cdot \int \frac{1}{- ( - u ^{2} + 1 )} d u

提出常数:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= \frac{1}{a} (- \int \frac{1}{- u ^{2} + 1} d u)

使用积分常见定则:

\int \frac{1}{- u ^{2} + 1} d u = \frac{ln ∣ u + 1 ∣}{2} - \frac{ln ∣ u - 1 ∣}{2}

= \frac{1}{a} (- (\frac{ln ∣ u + 1 ∣}{2} - \frac{ln ∣ u - 1 ∣}{2}))

u = \frac{x}{a}

代回

= \frac{1}{a} (- (\frac{ln \frac{x}{a} + 1}{2} - \frac{ln \frac{x}{a} - 1}{2}))

化简

\frac{1}{a} (- (\frac{ln \frac{x}{a} + 1}{2} - \frac{ln \frac{x}{a} - 1}{2})) : - \frac{1}{2 a} (ln \frac{x}{a} + 1 - ln \frac{x}{a} - 1)

= - \frac{1}{2 a} (ln \frac{x}{a} + 1 - ln \frac{x}{a} - 1)

解答补常数

= - \frac{1}{2 a} (ln \frac{x}{a} + 1 - ln \frac{x}{a} - 1) + C

作图

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