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Popular Calculus >

integral of (x-3)/x

Solution

\int \frac{x - 3}{x} d x

Solution

x - 3 ln ∣ x ∣ + C

Solution steps

\int \frac{x - 3}{x} d x

Expand

\frac{x - 3}{x} : 1 - \frac{3}{x}

= \int 1 - \frac{3}{x} d x

Apply the Sum Rule:

\int f (x) \pm g (x) d x = \int f (x) d x \pm \int g (x) d x

= \int 1 d x - \int \frac{3}{x} d x

\int 1 d x = x

\int \frac{3}{x} d x = 3 ln ∣ x ∣

= x - 3 ln ∣ x ∣

Add a constant to the solution

= x - 3 ln ∣ x ∣ + C

Graph

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Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What is the integral of (x-3)/x ?
The integral of (x-3)/x is x-3ln|x|+C