What is the integral of e^{-1/3 x} ?

The integral of e^{-1/3 x} is -3e^{-x/3}+C

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integral of e^{-1/3 x}

\int e^{- \frac{1}{3} x} d x

- 3 e^{- \frac{x}{3}} + C

Solution steps

\int e^{- \frac{1}{3} x} d x

Simplify

- \frac{1}{3} x : - \frac{x}{3}

= \int e^{- \frac{x}{3}} d x

Apply u-substitution

= \int - 3 e^{u} d u

Take the constant out:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= - 3 \cdot \int e^{u} d u

Use the common integral:

\int e^{u} d u = e^{u}

= - 3 e^{u}

Substitute back

u = - \frac{x}{3}

= - 3 e^{- \frac{x}{3}}

Add a constant to the solution

= - 3 e^{- \frac{x}{3}} + C