What is the integral of (x^4)/(x^{10)-1} ?

The integral of (x^4)/(x^{10)-1} is -1/10 (ln|x^5+1|-ln|x^5-1|)+C

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integral of (x^4)/(x^{10)-1}

\int \frac{x ^{4}}{x ^{10} - 1} d x

- \frac{1}{10} (ln x^{5} + 1 - ln x^{5} - 1) + C

Solution steps

\int \frac{x ^{4}}{x ^{10} - 1} d x

Apply u-substitution

= \int \frac{1}{5 ( u ^{2} - 1 )} d u

Take the constant out:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= \frac{1}{5} \cdot \int \frac{1}{u ^{2} - 1} d u

Factor

u^{2} - 1 : - (- u^{2} + 1)

= \frac{1}{5} \cdot \int \frac{1}{- ( - u ^{2} + 1 )} d u

Take the constant out:

\int a \cdot f (x) d x = a \cdot \int f (x) d x

= \frac{1}{5} (- \int \frac{1}{- u ^{2} + 1} d u)

Use the common integral:

\int \frac{1}{- u ^{2} + 1} d u = \frac{ln ∣ u + 1 ∣}{2} - \frac{ln ∣ u - 1 ∣}{2}

= \frac{1}{5} (- (\frac{ln ∣ u + 1 ∣}{2} - \frac{ln ∣ u - 1 ∣}{2}))

Substitute back

u = x^{5}

= \frac{1}{5} (- (\frac{ln x ^{5} + 1}{2} - \frac{ln x ^{5} - 1}{2}))

Simplify

\frac{1}{5} (- (\frac{ln x ^{5} + 1}{2} - \frac{ln x ^{5} - 1}{2})) : - \frac{1}{10} (ln x^{5} + 1 - ln x^{5} - 1)

= - \frac{1}{10} (ln x^{5} + 1 - ln x^{5} - 1)

Add a constant to the solution

= - \frac{1}{10} (ln x^{5} + 1 - ln x^{5} - 1) + C

What is the integral of (x^4)/(x^{10)-1} ?
The integral of (x^4)/(x^{10)-1} is -1/10 (ln|x^5+1|-ln|x^5-1|)+C